Nitrogen is used in large quantities in the chemical industry for blanketing, purging and pressure transfer of flammable chemicals.
High purity nitrogen is used in large quantities by the semiconductor industry as a purge or carrier gas as well as for blanketing equipment such as furnaces when not in production.
Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and non-toxic inert gas. Liquid nitrogen is colorless. The relative density of gas at 21.1℃ and 101.3kPa is 0.967. Nitrogen is not flammable. It can combine with some particularly active metals such as lithium and magnesium to form nitrides, and can also combine with hydrogen, oxygen and other elements at high temperatures. Nitrogen is a simple asphyxiant.
Nitrogen is produced in large quantities at air separation plants which liquefy and subsequently distil air into nitrogen, Oxygen and usually Argon. If very high purity nitrogen is required the nitrogen produced may need to go through a secondary purification process. The lower range of nitrogen purities can also be produced with membrane techniques, and medium to high purities with pressure swing adsorption (PSA) techniques.
Gas | Nitrogen/Liquid nitrogen |
CAS No. | 7727-37-9 |
Purity | ≥99% |
High purity nitrogen is used in large quantities by the semiconductor industry as a purge or carrier gas as well as for blanketing equipment such as furnaces when not in production. Nitrogen is also used in the electronic industry for inerting of epitaxial reactors.
Nitrogen is used in mixtures with carbon dioxide for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) of food stuffs. Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze a wide variety of delicate food, such as hamburgers, strawberries, shrimps etc.
Nitrogen is used extensively, either pure or, more com- only, in a mixture with a reducing gas such as hydrogen ' natural gas, to provide an oxygen free atmosphere during heat treatment of various metals.
Nitrogen is used to fill tires to lower wear and limit the risks of blow-outs.
Liquid nitrogen is used in the nuclear industry, for scientific research.
Liquid nitrogen is used to store biological materials like tissue, cells etc.
Liquid nitrogen is also used for cryo surgery. Liquid nitrogen is used in the area of superconductivity.
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