Hydrogen chloride is a transparent colorless or slightly yellow strong corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. A concentrated hydrochloric acid contains 38% HCl, the relative density is 1.19, the melting point is -112°C, and the boiling point is -83.7°C. Hydrogen chloride is an important inorganic chemical raw material, widely used in dyes, medicine, food, printing and dyeing, leather, metallurgy and other industries.
Hydrogen chloride is normally prepared in commercial quantities by the direct combination of chlorine and hydrogen. This is achieved by “burning” chlorine in an atmosphere of hydrogen. Most of the hydrogen chloride produced in this way in normally dissolved directly in water to produce hydrochloric acid, but some companies collect the anhydrous hydrogen chloride.
| Gas | Hydrogen chloride |
| CAS No. | 7647-01-0 |
| Purity | 99.9% |
Hydrogen chloride is used to remove the remaining fibres from cotton seeds after the cotton wool has been separated and before the seed is stored for resowing next season. Hydrogen chloride is used to separate cotton from wood.
Hydrogen chloride is used in the manufacture of inorganic chlorides. Hydrogen chloride is used for hydrochlorinations (e.g., production of chloromethane) and oxychlorinations (e.g., production of chloroethene). It is also used to Produce chlorosulfonic acid and synthetic rubbers.
Hydrogen chloride is used to promote and regenerate catalysts in the petrochemical industry, and to add viscosity to oils.
Hydrogen chloride is used as a thermal etchant to remove material from unmasked areas and to prepare wafer surfaces for epitaxial deposition.
High purity hydrogen chloride gas is widely used in the electronics industry. It is a chlorine carrier produced by high temperature cracking.
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